In pediatric patients, what is a potential serious complication of untreated hypocalcemia?

In pediatric patients, untreated hypocalcemia can lead to a potentially serious complication such as cardiac arrest. Calcium plays a crucial role in the normal functioning of the heart and cardiovascular system. Low levels of calcium in the blood can disrupt the electrical signaling that is vital for the heart to contract effectively. This disruption can lead to arrhythmias, or irregular heartbeats, which, if severe enough, can culminate in cardiac arrest, a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical intervention.

Other potential complications of hypocalcemia include muscle spasms or tetany due to increased neuromuscular excitability, but the risk of cardiac complications is particularly critical in a pediatric population, where the physiological response to electrolyte imbalances can be distinct from adults. Hence, awareness and treatment of hypocalcemia are essential to prevent progression to these serious outcomes.