In a case of hypertension with low potassium levels, what is the best next step?

In cases of hypertension accompanied by low potassium levels, measuring peripheral aldosterone concentration is an important diagnostic step. This is because low potassium levels in conjunction with hypertension can indicate conditions such as primary hyperaldosteronism (Conn's syndrome). In this condition, there is an overproduction of aldosterone, which causes sodium retention and potassium excretion, leading to hypertension and hypokalemia (low potassium levels).

By measuring the peripheral aldosterone concentration, healthcare providers can assess whether aldosterone is being produced at inappropriate levels. If the aldosterone levels are found to be high, further investigation can be performed to determine the underlying cause, such as an adrenal adenoma or adrenal hyperplasia. This step is crucial before considering treatments such as potassium supplementation or diuretics, which might not address the underlying hormonal imbalance causing the hypertension and low potassium levels.

Therefore, determining the aldosterone concentration provides critical information that guides appropriate management of the patient's condition.